Chemico-Biological Interactions Volumes 111-112; 24 :137-151, 1998
Glutathione-dependent detoxification of α-oxoaldehydes by the glyoxalase system: involvement in disease mechanisms and antiproliferative activity of glyoxalase I inhibitors.
The glyoxalase system is a metabolic pathway that catalyses the detoxification of α-oxoaldehydes RCOCHO to corresponding aldonic acids RCH(OH)CO2H. It thereby protects cells from α-oxoaldehyde-mediated formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). It is comprised of two enzymes, glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II, and a catalytic amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) as cofactor. ..An acute decrease in cellular GSH, as occurs in oxidative stress, leads to decreased in situ activity of glyoxalase I, accumulation of α-oxoaldehydes and cytotoxicity. Chronic exposure to increased methylglyoxal concentration occurs in diabetes mellitus and is associated with chronic clinical complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy).
Glutathione-dependent detoxification of α-oxoaldehydes by the glyoxalase system: involvement in disease mechanisms and antiproliferative activity of glyoxalase I inhibitors.
The glyoxalase system is a metabolic pathway that catalyses the detoxification of α-oxoaldehydes RCOCHO to corresponding aldonic acids RCH(OH)CO2H. It thereby protects cells from α-oxoaldehyde-mediated formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). It is comprised of two enzymes, glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II, and a catalytic amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) as cofactor. ..An acute decrease in cellular GSH, as occurs in oxidative stress, leads to decreased in situ activity of glyoxalase I, accumulation of α-oxoaldehydes and cytotoxicity. Chronic exposure to increased methylglyoxal concentration occurs in diabetes mellitus and is associated with chronic clinical complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy).
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